{"id":489,"date":"2015-06-24T13:38:20","date_gmt":"2015-06-24T12:38:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.1cartepesaptamana.ro\/ce-se-intampla-atunci-cand-scapi-din-mana-o-furnica\/"},"modified":"2016-06-05T13:41:07","modified_gmt":"2016-06-05T10:41:07","slug":"ce-se-intampla-atunci-cand-scapi-din-mana-o-furnica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/1cartepesaptamana.ro\/ce-se-intampla-atunci-cand-scapi-din-mana-o-furnica\/","title":{"rendered":"Ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd scapi din m\u00e2n\u0103 o furnic\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"

Acest r\u0103spuns la \u00eentrebare este extras din cartea “Bine c\u0103 e\u0219ti tu de\u0219tept” de John Farndon, pe care \u021bi-o recomand \u0219i \u021bie, pentru c\u0103 e plin\u0103 de \u00eentreb\u0103ri curioase.<\/p>\n

Dac\u0103 vrei exemple de astfel de \u00eentreb\u0103ri, \u00ee\u021bi recomand articolul nostru: “Te crezi de\u0219tept? 29 de \u00eentreb\u0103ri care te vor pune la \u00eencercare”<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Prima variant\u0103 de r\u0103spuns ar fi deci aceea c\u0103 furnica – dac\u0103 este vorba despre specia nezbur\u0103toare, f\u0103r\u0103 aripi – cade la p\u0103m\u00e2nt, acceler\u00e2nd spre sol ca urmare a trac\u021biei gravita\u021bionale reciproce exercitate \u00eentre \u00eensect\u0103 \u0219i p\u0103m\u00e2nt. Pleosc!<\/p>\n

Dar lucrurile nu sunt chiar at\u00e2t de simple. Furnicile sunt a\u0219a de mici \u0219i de u\u0219oare, \u00eenc\u00e2t c\u0103derea lor este considerabil fr\u00e2nat\u0103 de rezisten\u021ba aerului, adic\u0103 de coliziunea insectelor cu numeroasele molecule de aer. Astfel, \u00een vreme ce un om poate atinge viteza maxim\u0103 – terminal\u0103, i-am putea spune – de aproximativ 50-90 m\/s, majoritatea furnicilor sunt at\u00e2t de u\u0219oare \u00eenc\u00e2t viteza lor terminal\u0103 este suficient de mic\u0103 pentru a le permite s\u0103 pluteasc\u0103 lin \u00een jos, asigur\u00e2ndu-le supravie\u021buirea at\u00e2t \u00een timpul c\u0103derii, c\u00e2t \u0219i la impactul cu solul.<\/p>\n

Cercet\u0103ri recente efectuate \u00een regiunile tropicale din Peru au demonstrat c\u0103 furnicile lucr\u0103toare f\u0103r\u0103 aripi fac parte dintre specfiile animale zbur\u0103toare ale lumii sau, mai degrab\u0103, plutitoare. C\u00e2nd dai drumul de sus unei furnici, aceasta se pr\u0103bu\u0219e\u0219te mai \u00eent\u00e2i vertical. Apoi, asemenea unui practicant al skydiving-ului \u00een primele momente ale c\u0103derii libere – insecta \u00ee\u0219i \u00eentinde picioarele pentru a-\u0219i m\u0103ri capacitatea de fr\u00e2nare \u0219i de control. \u00cen cele din urm\u0103, mi\u0219c\u00e2ndu-\u0219i membrele pentru a controla direc\u021bia prin intermediul fr\u00e2n\u0103rii, trece la o plutire lin\u0103, cu aproximativ 4 m\/s. Aparent plute\u0219te \u00eenapoi, cu spatele, fiindc\u0103 picioarele din spate sunt mai lungi dec\u00e2t cele anterioare.<\/p>\n

Dar fizica nu se opre\u0219te aici, fiindc\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u0219i \u00eentr-o mi\u0219care simpl\u0103, precum l\u0103sarea unei furnici s\u0103 cad\u0103, se activeaz\u0103 o serie complex\u0103 de for\u021be de actiune \u0219i de reac\u021biune. Trebuie s\u0103 ne amintitm, de exemplu c\u0103 atrac\u021bia gravita\u021bional\u0103 are un caracter mutual. Astfel, c\u00e2nd scapi din m\u00e2n\u0103 o furnic\u0103, aceasta cade spre sol, dar concomitent solul se deplaseaz\u0103 \u00een sus, spre ea. Desigur, masa furnicii este at\u00e2t de mic\u0103, iar cea a P\u0103m\u00e2ntului at\u00e2t de mare, \u00eenc\u00e2t mi\u0219carea ascendent\u0103 a solului este infinitezimal\u0103, dar alte m\u0103sur\u0103tori de precizie ne asigur\u0103 c\u0103, de\u0219i extrem de redus\u0103, ea exist\u0103 \u00een realitate. \u00cen plus, a\u0219a cum arat\u0103 a treia lege a mi\u0219c\u0103rii formulate de Netwon, fiecare ac\u021biune are o reac\u021biune egal\u0103 \u0219i de sens contrar. In consecin\u021b\u0103, actiunea de a drumul din m\u00e2n\u0103 unei furnici va avea propria sa reac\u021biune, indectectabil de mic\u0103, asupra m\u00e2inii dumneavoastr\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u015ei, dac\u0103 tot vorbim despre mi\u0219c\u0103ri indetectabil de mici, s\u0103 ne amintim de teoria haosului \u0219i de celebra aser\u021biune f\u0103cut\u0103 de Edward Lorenz, anume c\u0103 “b\u0103taia din aripi a unui fluture \u00een Brazilia poate declan\u0219\u0103 o tornad\u0103 \u00een Texas” – dat fiind faptul c\u0103 infimele deplas\u0103ri de aer cauzate de aripile fluturelui pun \u00een ac\u021biune un v\u00e2rtej tot mai amplu \u0219i mai complex de mi\u0219c\u0103ri, care culmineaz\u0103 cu o tornad\u0103 undeva departe. Prin urmare, chiar \u0219i un eveniment insignifiant cum este c\u0103derea unei furnici poate avea consecin\u021be multiple \u0219i imprevizibile la orice scar\u0103, de la cea mai minuscul\u0103 la cea gigantic\u0103. De aceea, este imposibil s\u0103 spunem cu certitudine ce se poate \u00eent\u00e2mpla c\u00e2nd l\u0103s\u0103m o furnic\u0103 s\u0103 cad\u0103. Teoria generalizat\u0103 a relativit\u0103\u021bii, formulat\u0103 de Einstein, confer\u0103 un aspect sumplimentar acestui caz aparent banal. \u00cen viziunea savantului, gravita\u021bia ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 prin distorsionarea continuumului spa\u021bio-temporal. Astfel, chiar \u0219i o mi\u0219care de amploare redus\u0103 a masei – masa furnicii care coboar\u0103 spre p\u0103m\u00e2nt – va alterna infinitezimal \u021bes\u0103tura spa\u021bio-temporal\u0103. \u015ei, desigur, mi\u0219carea furnicii \u0219i a p\u0103m\u00e2ntului deopotriv\u0103 vor determina – conform teoriei restr\u00e2nse a relativit\u0103\u021bii – o modificare (inimaginabil de mic\u0103) a rela\u021biei dintre dumneavoastr\u0103 \u0219i insecta \u00een cauz\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u00cen ultim\u0103 instan\u021b\u0103, r\u0103spunsul la \u00eentrebarea noastr\u0103 depinde de ceea ce dori\u021bi dumnevoastr\u0103 s\u0103 \u0219ti\u021bi.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Aceasta este o \u00eentrebare care necesit\u0103 cuno\u0219tinte din domenii precum fizic\u0103, teoria haosului, biologie si teoria relativit\u0103\u021bii.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":497,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nCe se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd scapi din m\u00e2n\u0103 o furnic\u0103 - 1 Carte pe Saptamana<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/1cartepesaptamana.ro\/ce-se-intampla-atunci-cand-scapi-din-mana-o-furnica\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd scapi din m\u00e2n\u0103 o furnic\u0103 - 1 Carte pe Saptamana\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/1cartepesaptamana.ro\/ce-se-intampla-atunci-cand-scapi-din-mana-o-furnica\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"1 Carte pe Saptamana\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/1cartepesaptamana.ro\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-06-24T12:38:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2016-06-05T10:41:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/1cartepesaptamana.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/furnica.jpg?fit=852%2C361&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"852\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"361\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"gabriel\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"gabriel\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/1cartepesaptamana.ro\/ce-se-intampla-atunci-cand-scapi-din-mana-o-furnica\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/1cartepesaptamana.ro\/ce-se-intampla-atunci-cand-scapi-din-mana-o-furnica\/\",\"name\":\"Ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd scapi din m\u00e2n\u0103 o furnic\u0103 - 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